The issue facing Indonesian education now centres on equity and quality rather than accessibility (SDGs Centre UNPAD, 2020). Although Indonesia rose five spots to 68th place in 2022 from its 72nd place finish in PISA 2018 among 77 nations, the achievement of SGD-4 cannot be considered encouraging. The poor quality of Indonesian instructors is one of the reasons behind the country's low educational attainment. The recent research on successful teaching behaviour in six countries (the Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, South Africa, South Korea, and Indonesia) shows that Indonesia has the lowest level of successful teaching behaviour (André et al., 2020). Thus, using Freire's critical pedagogy theory (1970), this study examines Indonesia's progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) throughout the last few years, from 2018 to 2023. This research focuses on various aspects of critical pedagogy theory as applied to the context of improving teacher quality in Indonesia, starting to examine inclusivity and diversity, critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and community engagement & social transformation. The study highlights the value of diversity and inclusivity across a range of initiatives, including community-based teacher preparation, teacher mobilisation, and teacher action research. Through partnerships with local communities, these programmes enable educators from a variety of backgrounds to become leaders and facilitators, foster critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, and advance sustainability in the classroom. This research underscores the necessity for significant changes emphasizing the need for a more equitable and inclusive approach to qualified teacher behaviour, aiming to combat systemic inequalities.

Authors:
Christianti Tri Hapsari, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

About the Presenter(s)
Christianti Tri Hapsari is currently a lecturer at the English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES), Indonesia.

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